The Manaslu Circuit Trek is one of Nepal’s most scenic and culturally rich treks, offering a perfect blend of natural beauty and traditional culture. This challenging trek circumnavigates Mount Manaslu, the world’s eighth-highest mountain at 8,163 meters, and takes you through a remote and unspoiled region of Nepal, close to the Tibetan border.
1. Permits and Regulations
- Manaslu Restricted Area Permit (RAP): Since the Manaslu region is a restricted area, trekkers must obtain a special permit. The cost varies depending on the season:
- September to November: USD 100 per person for the first 7 days and USD 15 per day thereafter.
- December to August: USD 75 per person for the first 7 days and USD 10 per day thereafter.
- Manaslu Conservation Area Permit (MCAP): Required for entry into the Manaslu Conservation Area. The cost is USD 30 per person.
- Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP): Required as the trail exits through the Annapurna region. The cost is also USD 30 per person.
- Compulsory Guide: Due to the remoteness and the restricted status of the area, it is mandatory to hire a licensed guide. This rule is enforced to ensure the safety of trekkers and to support local employment.
2. Best Time to Trek
- Autumn (September to November): This is the most popular trekking season, offering stable weather, clear skies, and stunning mountain views. The temperature is moderate, making it ideal for trekking.
- Spring (March to May): The second-best time to trek, with blooming rhododendrons adding vibrant colors to the landscape. The weather is pleasant, though the visibility may not be as clear as in autumn.
- Winter (December to February): This season sees fewer trekkers, but the cold and snow can make the trek more challenging, especially at higher altitudes.
- Monsoon (June to August): Trekking during the monsoon is less common due to heavy rains, leeches, and potential landslides. However, this is the best time to see the lush greenery and fewer crowds.
3. Trek Difficulty
- The Manaslu Circuit is considered a strenuous trek, requiring a good level of physical fitness and prior trekking experience. The trail includes steep ascents and descents, high-altitude passes, and long trekking days.
- Larkya La Pass (5,160 meters): The highest and most challenging point of the trek. The ascent to the pass is long and can be difficult, especially in snowy conditions. Proper acclimatization and slow, steady pacing are crucial.
- Daily Trekking Hours: Expect to walk 6-8 hours per day on average, with some days being longer.
4. Cultural Experience
- Ethnic Diversity: The trek passes through villages inhabited by different ethnic groups, including the Gurung, Tibetan, and Nubri people. Each group has its own distinct culture, traditions, and language.
- Buddhist Influence: The influence of Tibetan Buddhism is evident throughout the trek, with numerous monasteries, mani walls (prayer-inscribed stones), chortens (stupas), and prayer flags adorning the trail. Key monasteries include those at Sama Gaon and Samdo.
- Remote Villages: The trek offers a unique opportunity to experience life in remote Himalayan villages, where traditional ways of living have been preserved. Hospitality is a key part of the local culture, and trekkers are often welcomed with warmth.
5. Accommodation and Food
- Teahouses: Accommodation along the Manaslu Circuit is provided by teahouses, which are simple lodges offering basic facilities. Rooms are usually twin-sharing with common bathrooms. While the amenities are basic, they provide warmth, shelter, and a chance to interact with locals and fellow trekkers.
- Meals: Teahouses offer a variety of meals, with dal bhat (rice, lentil soup, and vegetables) being the staple food. Other options include noodles, soups, Tibetan bread, momos (dumplings), and even pancakes. Meat is available but might not be fresh, so it’s safer to stick to vegetarian dishes, especially at higher altitudes.
6. Trek Itinerary
- Day 1: Drive from Kathmandu to Soti Khola (700 meters)
- Duration: 8-9 hours
- The journey begins with a scenic drive from Kathmandu to Soti Khola, passing through picturesque countryside, terraced fields, and traditional villages. The road becomes rougher as you approach Soti Khola.
- Day 2: Trek from Soti Khola to Machha Khola (869 meters)
- Duration: 6-7 hours
- The trek starts with a walk along the Budi Gandaki River, crossing suspension bridges and passing through Sal forests. The trail includes some uphill and downhill sections.
- Day 3: Machha Khola to Jagat (1,340 meters)
- Duration: 6-7 hours
- Continue following the Budi Gandaki River, passing through small villages and farmlands. The trail gradually ascends to Jagat, a beautiful stone-paved village.
- Day 4: Jagat to Deng (1,860 meters)
- Duration: 6-7 hours
- The trail climbs to Salleri before descending to Sirdibas. Continue trekking through Philim, a large Gurung village, before reaching Deng.
- Day 5: Deng to Namrung (2,630 meters)
- Duration: 6-7 hours
- The trail enters the Nubri Valley, home to Tibetan-influenced culture. You’ll pass through lush forests and several small settlements before arriving in Namrung.
- Day 6: Namrung to Sama Gaon (3,530 meters)
- Duration: 6-7 hours
- Trek through forests and villages, gaining altitude as you approach the stunning Sama Gaon, a traditional village nestled at the base of Mount Manaslu.
- Day 7: Acclimatization Day in Sama Gaon
- Explore the village, visit the Pungyen Gompa (a monastery), or take a short hike to Manaslu Base Camp. This day is crucial for acclimatizing to the high altitude.
- Day 8: Sama Gaon to Samdo (3,875 meters)
- Duration: 4-5 hours
- A shorter trekking day that allows for further acclimatization. The trail gradually ascends, offering breathtaking views of Manaslu and other surrounding peaks.
- Day 9: Samdo to Dharmasala (4,460 meters)
- Duration: 4-5 hours
- The trail continues to climb as you approach Dharmasala, the last stop before crossing the Larkya La Pass. The landscape becomes more rugged and barren.
- Day 10: Cross Larkya La Pass (5,160 meters) to Bhimthang (3,720 meters)
- Duration: 8-9 hours
- The most challenging day of the trek begins early in the morning. The ascent to Larkya La Pass is steep and demanding, but the views from the top are spectacular. After crossing the pass, descend steeply to Bhimthang.
- Day 11: Bhimthang to Tilije (2,300 meters)
- Duration: 5-6 hours
- A relatively easier day as you descend through rhododendron forests and pastures, passing through several villages before reaching Tilije.
- Day 12: Tilije to Dharapani (1,963 meters), then drive to Besisahar
- Duration: 4-5 hours trek, followed by a 3-4 hour drive
- The final trekking day leads you to Dharapani, where the Manaslu Circuit meets the Annapurna Circuit. From Dharapani, take a jeep to Besisahar.
- Day 13: Drive back to Kathmandu
- Duration: 6-7 hours
- Return to Kathmandu by road, concluding your trekking adventure.
7. Essential Gear
- Clothing: Layered clothing is crucial due to the varying temperatures. Include thermal base layers, fleece jackets, a down jacket, trekking pants, and waterproof gear. Don’t forget gloves, a hat, and warm socks.
- Footwear: Sturdy, comfortable trekking boots with good ankle support are essential. Break them in before the trek to avoid blisters.
- Sleeping Bag: A warm sleeping bag rated for at least -15°C is recommended, as teahouse rooms can be cold at night.
- Trekking Poles: Useful for balance and reducing strain on your knees, especially during descents.
- Backpack: A comfortable, 50-60 liter backpack is suitable for carrying your essentials. A daypack for water, snacks, and valuables is also useful.
- Other Essentials: Sunglasses, sunscreen, lip balm, water purification tablets, a headlamp, a first aid kit, and personal toiletries.
8. Altitude Sickness
- Acclimatization: The key to avoiding altitude sickness (Acute Mountain Sickness, AMS) is proper acclimatization. The trek itinerary should include rest days, especially as you approach higher altitudes. This allows your body to adjust to the reduced oxygen levels.
- Symptoms of AMS: Early symptoms include headaches, dizziness, nausea, loss of appetite, and difficulty sleeping. If symptoms worsen (such as confusion, difficulty breathing, or a persistent cough), immediate descent is necessary.
- Prevention:
- Hydration: Drink plenty of water (at least 3-4 liters a day) to stay hydrated.
- Pacing: Walk slowly and avoid overexertion, especially when ascending.
- Diet: Eat carbohydrate-rich foods, which are easier to digest and provide necessary energy.
- Medication: Some trekkers use Diamox (acetazolamide) as a preventive measure. Consult with a healthcare professional before using any medication.
9. Guides and Porters
- Hiring a Guide: As mentioned earlier, hiring a licensed guide is mandatory for the Manaslu Circuit Trek. Guides not only ensure your safety and navigate the trail but also provide valuable insights into the local culture and environment. They can help with permits, manage logistics, and make your trek smoother.
- Porters: Hiring a porter is optional but highly recommended if you want to ease your load. Porters typically carry up to 20-25 kg of gear, allowing you to trek with just a daypack. This makes the trek less physically demanding and more enjoyable.
- Choosing the Right Guide/Porter: Look for experienced, English-speaking guides with good reviews. Make sure the agency you hire from is reputable. Ethical practices should be followed, ensuring porters are fairly compensated and not overloaded.
10. Trekking Tips
- Respect Local Culture: The Manaslu region is rich in cultural heritage. Always ask for permission before taking photos of people or religious sites. Dress modestly and respect local customs.
- Environmental Responsibility: Practice “Leave No Trace” principles. Carry out all your trash, use biodegradable soap, and avoid using plastic as much as possible. Support teahouses that use sustainable practices.
- Health and Safety: Carry a comprehensive first aid kit and know how to use it. Be cautious of waterborne diseases; always purify drinking water. Keep an eye on the weather, as conditions can change rapidly, especially near Larkya La Pass.
11. Costs and Budgeting
- Permits: Expect to pay around USD 160-200 for permits, depending on the season and the duration of your trek.
- Guide/Porter Fees: Guides typically charge USD 25-30 per day, while porters charge USD 15-20 per day. These rates may vary depending on experience and services offered.
- Accommodation and Meals: Teahouses charge around USD 5-10 per night. Meals can range from USD 5-10 per meal, depending on the location. Expect higher costs as you ascend due to the remoteness of the area.
- Transportation: The drive from Kathmandu to Soti Khola and back from Dharapani to Kathmandu can cost around USD 20-30 per person for local buses, while private jeeps can be more expensive.
- Miscellaneous: Budget for additional costs such as snacks, hot showers (where available), charging electronics, and tips for guides and porters.
12. Emergency and Communication
- Emergency Evacuation: In case of severe altitude sickness or injury, helicopter evacuation is possible but expensive. Make sure your travel insurance covers high-altitude trekking and emergency evacuation.
- Communication: Mobile network coverage is sporadic on the trail. Some teahouses offer Wi-Fi for a fee, but connections can be slow. Satellite phones or walkie-talkies are recommended for emergency communication in remote areas.
13. Post-Trek Experience
- Relax and Recover: After the trek, take time to relax and recover in Kathmandu. Treat yourself to a massage or enjoy a good meal in one of the city’s many restaurants.
- Explore Kathmandu: If you have extra time, explore Kathmandu’s cultural sites, such as Swayambhunath (Monkey Temple), Boudhanath Stupa, and Durbar Square. Visiting these heritage sites can provide a deeper understanding of Nepal’s rich history and culture.
- Souvenirs: Purchase locally made handicrafts, textiles, or artwork to remember your adventure. Supporting local artisans also contributes to the local economy.